Ultrasound uses high-frequency sound waves to create real-time images without ionising radiation. It can assess many abdominal, pelvic and superficial structures, but the correct examination and preparation depend on the clinical question.
Preparing for an upper-abdominal or gallbladder scan
Unless Healthway gives you different instructions for your specific examination, plan to fast for about 6 hours beforehand. Clear non-fizzy fluids can usually be taken. Fasting reduces bowel gas and helps keep the gallbladder distended, improving image quality.
Preparing for pelvic or urinary ultrasound
A comfortably full bladder often improves transabdominal imaging of the pelvis and urinary tract. You may be asked to drink approximately 500 mL to 1 litre of water before the scan and avoid emptying your bladder until the first images are obtained. Exact instructions will be confirmed when booking.
Transvaginal ultrasound
A transvaginal scan is an internal pelvic ultrasound that provides close views of the uterus, endometrium and ovaries. It is generally performed with an empty bladder, only with the patient’s consent, and can usually be performed during menstruation if clinically appropriate.
Important limitations
Ultrasound cannot see every condition. Bowel gas, body habitus, depth and the nature of a lesion can limit the examination. Depending on the findings, CT, MRI, endoscopy, laboratory testing or specialist review may still be necessary.